Obesity as a Risk Factor for Complications and Mortality in Individuals with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to analyze the available studies that identified overweight and/or obesity as a risk factor for mortality, use of respiratory support, and changes in biochemical markers in adults hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched using PRISMA guidelines until January 2024. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (code: CRD42024501551). Of the 473 articles, only 8 met the inclusion criteria (e.g., adult individuals aged 18 or over diagnosed with COVID-19 individuals with overweight and/or obesity). In addition, the Downs and Black tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. The studies analyzed totaled 9782 adults hospitalized for COVID-19, indicating that overweight and obesity are present in more than half of adults. Diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension are more prevalent in adults with obesity. The systematic review also highlighted that a higher incidence of respiratory support is related to a higher incidence of hospitalization in intensive care units and that adults with overweight and obesity have a higher risk of mortality from COVID-19. Biochemical markers such as procalcitinin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 are associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection. This systematic review exposed overweight and/or obesity as a risk factor for worse COVID-19 disease, as well as for the need for intensive care, respiratory support, mortality, and changes in essential blood markers.

Effects of 12 Weeks of Family and Individual Multi-Disciplinary Intervention in Overweight and Obese Adolescents under Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters: A Clinical Trial.

Adolescence is a complex period of human development in which young people are susceptible to unhealthy behaviors, such as physical inactivity and an unbalanced diet. This study aimed to analyze the effects of 12 weeks of multi-disciplinary family and individual intervention on cardiometabolic risk parameters in overweight and obese adolescents and compare sub-groups, considering possible differences between sexes (males vs. females vs. intervention approach). Forty-three adolescents (13.73 ± 2.46 years old) of both sexes were divided into two groups: family group (FG) (n = 21; 14.24 ± 2.61 years old) and individual group (IG) (n = 22; 13.23 ± 2.27 years old). The following parameters were evaluated: anthropometry (body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), calculation of body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR)), body composition (fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), fat-free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat percentage (BF), and visceral fat), biochemical measures (fasting glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL-c)), and the measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) before and after the interventions. The multi-disciplinary interventions occurred for 12 weeks (three days a week lasting 1 h and 30 min, in which 30 min were dedicated to theoretical interventions (nutrition: nutritional education and psychology: psychoeducation) and 1 h to physical exercises. A time effect was observed for LM, FFM, SMM, FM, and HDL-c, with higher values after intervention and a significant decrease for FM, BF, visceral fat, fasting glucose, TG, TC, LDL-c, and DBP (p < 0.05). However, no group, sub-group, or interaction effects were observed when comparing FG, IG, or sexes (p > 0.05). The responses of the present study show that both multi-disciplinary approaches (family and individual) promoted improvement in the body composition indicators, biochemical markers, and DBP of overweight and obese adolescents independently of the intervention group. Given this finding, health professionals, families, and adolescents could choose the type of intervention based on their preferences.

Effects of a multi-professional intervention on body composition, physical fitness and biochemical markers in overweight COVID-19 survivors: a clinical trial.

Introduction: The sequelae post-COVID can affect different systems. In this sense, considering the multi-factorial etiology of COVID-19, multi-professional interventions could be a relevant strategy for recovery health indicators. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of multi-professional intervention on body composition, physical fitness, and biomarkers in overweight COVID-19 survivors with different symptomatology. Methodology: A non-randomized parallel group intervention included 69 volunteers (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), divided into three groups according to SARS CoV-2 symptomatology, but only 35 finished the longitudinal protocol [control group (n = 11); moderate group (n = 17) and severe group (n = 7)]. The groups were submitted to a multi-professional program (nutritional intervention, psychoeducation, and physical exercise intervention) for 8 weeks, and the volunteers underwent body composition assessments (primary outcome) and physical and biochemical tests (secondary outcome) in pre- and post-intervention. This study was registered on the Clinical Trials Registration Platform number: RBR-4mxg57b and with the local research ethics committee protocol under number: 4,546,726/2021. Results: After the 8-week multi-professional intervention, the following results were observed for the moderate COVID-19 group: improved dynamic strength of lower- and (p = 0.003), upper-limbs (p = 0.008), maximal isometric lumbar-traction strength (p = 0.04), flexibility (p = 0.0006), and albumin (p = 0.0005), as well as a reduction in the C reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.003) and fasting glucose (p = 0.001); for the severe COVID-19 group: an improvement in dynamic lower-body strength (p = 0.001), higher values of albumin (p = 0.005) and HDL-c (p = 0.002), and lower values of CRP (p = 0.05), and for the control group: an improvement in sit-up repetitions (p = 0.008), and a reduction of CRP (p = 0.01), fasting glucose (p = 0.001) and total cholesterol (p = 0.04) were identified. All experimental groups reduced triglycerides after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Finally, 8 weeks of multiprofessional intervention can be an efficient tool for reversing the inflammatory process and promoting improvements in daily activities and quality of life, although it is believed that the severe COVID-19 group needs longer interventions to improve different health indicators. Clinical Trial Registration: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/, identifier: RBR-4mxg57b.

Overweight in adolescents: a possible association between sleep quality and eating behavior according to sex / Sobrepeso en adolescentes: una posible asociación entre la calidad del sueño y el comportamiento alimentario según el sexo

Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial disease affectingadolescent sleep quality and binge eating.Objective: to analyze adolescents’ sleep quality and possible binge eating according to sex and nutritional status. Methods: 108 adolescents (n = 51 male and n = 57 female) aged between 10 to 18 years were recruited. Bodycomposition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance, inwhich the following variables were collected: body weight,body fat percentage, and resting metabolic rate. The Zscorewas calculated and classified by height and weight as eutrophic and overweight. Subsequently, the adolescents answered the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep QualityIndex (PSQI) questionnaire and the binge eating - PeriodicEating Compulsion Scale (BES) questionnaire to assess possible periodic eating compulsion. Results: In the anthropometric analysis, male adolescentsshowed greater height (p<0.0001), body weight (p<0.05),resting metabolic rate (p<0.0001), total body water(p<0.0001), lean mass (p<0.0001), fatfree mass (p<0.0001)and skeletal muscle mass (p= 0.01) compared to female adolescents. However, female adolescents had a higher body fatpercentage when compared to male adolescents (p= 0.01).In addition, overweight adolescents of both sexes had high BES scores compared to eutrophic ones (p<0.05), with higherscores for females compared to males (p<0.05). However, nodifferences were observed between overweight and eutrophicindividuals of both sexes for PQSI (p>0.05). Conclusion: Binge eating was identified in both sexes andmay be related to poor sleep qualit.(AU)

Introducción: La obesidad es una enfermedad multifactorial que afecta la calidad del sueño y los atracones en los adolescentes. Objetivo: analizar la calidad del sueño y los posibles atracones en adolescentes según sexo y estado nutricional. Métodos: se reclutaron 108 adolescentes (n = 51 hombres y n = 57 mujeres) con edades entre 10 y 18 años. Se midió el Z-score y se clasificó por estatura y peso corporal en eutróficos y sobrepeso. Posteriormente, los adolescentes respondieron la versión brasileña del cuestionario Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) y el cuestionario Binge Eating Scale (BES) para evaluar la posible compulsión alimentaria periódica. Resultados: En los análisis antropométricos, los hombres adolescentes presentaron mayor estatura (p<0,0001), peso corporal (p<0,05), tasa metabólica basal (p<0,0001), agua corporal total (p<0,0001), masa magra (p<0,0001) masa libre de grasa (p<0,0001) y masa muscular esquelética (p= 0,01) en comparación con las mujeres adolescentes. Sin embargo, las mujeres adolescentes presentaron mayor porcentaje de grasa en comparación con los hombres (p= 0,01). Además, los adolescentes sobrepeso de ambos sexos presentaron puntajes BES más altos en comparación con los eutróficos (p<0,05), con puntajes más altos para las mujeres en comparación con los hombres (p<0,05). Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias entre sobrepeso y eutróficos de ambos sexos para PQSI (p>0,05). Conclusión: Los atracones se identificaron en ambos sexos y pueden estar relacionados con la mala calidad del sueño.(AU)

Effects of a Multi-Professional Intervention on Mental Health of Middle-Aged Overweight Survivors of COVID-19: A Clinical Trial.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-professional intervention model on the mental health of middle-aged, overweight survivors of COVID-19. A clinical trial study with parallel groups and repeated measures was conducted. For eight weeks, multi-professional interventions were conducted (psychoeducation, nutritional intervention, and physical exercises). One hundred and thirty-five overweight or obese patients aged 46.46 ± 12.77 years were distributed into four experimental groups: mild, moderate, severe COVID, and control group. The instruments were used: mental health continuum-MHC, revised impact scale-IES-r, generalized anxiety disorder-GAD-7, and Patient health questionnaire PHQ-9, before and after eight weeks. The main results indicated only a time effect, with a significant increase in global MHC scores, emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being, as well as detected a significant reduction in global IES-R scores, intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal, in addition to a reduction in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it was possible to identify those psychoeducational interventions that effectively reduced anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients, regardless of symptomatology, in addition to the control group. However, moderate and severe post-COVID-19 patients need to be monitored continuously since the results of these groups did not follow the response pattern of the mild and control groups.

Motivations of overweight adolescents participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion program / Motivações de adolescentes acima do peso participantes de um programa multidisciplinar de promoção da saúde

Introduction: the perception of individuals about their own health is a strong indicator of their real state, as well as their behaviors related to the prognosis in case of presence of pathologies, besides being proportional to their motivations to acquire healthy habits. Objective: to describe the motivations of overweight adolescents when participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion program and their perceptions about habits related to physical and emotional well-being. Methods: this is a qualitative study, using the Bardin content analysis technique. The tool used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, analyzed with the help of the software QSR NVivo 11 through grouping of the speech into clusters. These in turn were evaluated in three categories: (1) motivation; (2) food; and (3) physical exercise. Results: the average age of the participants was 13.8 ± 2.4, with an average body mass index of 31.8 ± 8.5 kg/m². Regarding family income, 41.66% had monthly income of 3 to 6 minimum wages. Regarding the educational level of parents, 70.83% of mothers had completed higher education, while 29.16% had completed high school. According to the respondents' answers, the greatest motivation to participate in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program was weight loss. In category 2, it was observed that adolescents associated the act of eating with feelings such as anxiety and nervousness. In category 3, the impact of the pandemic was found under the modalities of physical exercise practiced. Conclusion: the results prove the importance of understanding the perception of adolescents about their own health and related habits, in order to elaborate effective strategies for health promotion and consequent improvement of the quality of life of these individuals.

Introdução: a percepção dos indivíduos a respeito da própria saúde é um forte indicador do seu real estado, bem como dos seus comportamentos relativos ao prognóstico em caso de presença de patologias, além de ser proporcional às suas motivações para adquirir hábitos saudáveis. Objetivo: descrever as motivações de adolescentes acima do peso ao participarem de um programa multidisciplinar de promoção da saúde e suas percepções a respeito de hábitos relacionados ao bem estar físico e emocional. Métodos: trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com emprego da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A ferramenta utilizada para coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada, analisada com auxílio do software QSR NVivo 11 através de agrupamento das falas em clusters. Esses por sua vez foram avaliados em três categorias: (1) motivação; (2) alimentação; e (3) exercício físico. Resultados: a idade média dos participantes foi de 13,8 ± 2,4, com índice de massa corporal médio de 31,8 kg/m² ± 8,5. Em relação à renda familiar, 41,66% apresentaram renda mensal de 3 a 6 salários mínimos. No que tange à escolaridade dos responsáveis, 70,83% das mães possuíam o ensino superior completo, enquanto 29,16% possuíam ensino médio completo. De acordo com as respostas dos entrevistados a maior motivação para participarem de um programa multidisciplinar de tratamento da obesidade foi o emagrecimento. Já na categoria 2 observou-se que os adolescentes associaram o ato de comer com sentimentos como a ansiedade e o nervosismo. Na categoria 3, constatou-se o impacto da pandemia sob as modalidades de exercício físico praticados. Conclusão: os resultados comprovam a importância de entender a percepção dos adolescentes a respeito da própria saúde e hábitos relacionados, a fim de elaborar de estratégias efetivas para promoção da saúde e consequente, melhoria da qualidade de vida desses indivíduos.

Interrelation ship among body max index, body composition,and biochemical profiles of overweight adolescents in south of Brazil: A cross-sectional study / Interrelación entre el índice corporal máximo, la composición corporal y los perfiles bioquímicos de adolescentes con sobrepeso en el sur de Brasil: un estudio transversal

Introduction: Obesity in adolescence is associated with severe health complications.Objective: To analyze possible associations among body mass index (BMI), body composition, and biochemical profiles of overweight or obese adolescents.Methods: The study was carried out between 2017 and 2020 and included 132 adolescents aged 10 to 18 years. The following variables were analyzed: BMI, fat-free mass (FFM), body fat mass (BFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat percentage (%BF), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), lean mass index (LMI), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-to-lean mass ratio (FMR), as well as total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (TGO). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS® version 20.0, considering p<0.05 as significant.Results: Higher values were identified for height, LBM, FFM, and SMM in the male group. On the other hand, higher values were identified for the %BF and FMI in the female group. The female, male, and general groups showed significant correlations between BMI and FMR (r = 0.69, 0.74, and 0.69, respectively), BMI and FFM (r = 0.44, 0.67, and 0.49, respectively), BMI and SMM (r = 0.44, 0.68, and 0.50, respectively), and BMI and %BF (r = 0.40, 0.54, and 0.47, respectively). In the general group, BMI and HDL levels were correlated (r = −0.18; p=0.04). The BFM and WHR showed a predictive effect for TC; WHR and %BF showed a predictive effect for LDL concentrations, and %BF had a predictive effect for TGO (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was possible to verify that BMI, body composition, and biochemical measures show an interrelationship between them, such as with a worsening of anthropometric and body composition indicators associated with worst biochemical parameters, e.g., lower HDL-c and higher TC, LDL-c, and TGO. Thus, public policies are indispensable for combating obesity and related comorbidities in the early phases of life.(AU)

Change in the motivation pattern of adolescents before and after participation in a multidisciplinary health promotion program

Introduction: there is evidence that multidisciplinary interventions are an efficient approach to achieving weight loss and other health-related goals. However, dropout rates of these programs are high among adolescents. The suggestion is that understanding the motivation of individuals to participate in these projects is fundamental to developing strategies for permanence and, consequently, promoting better results.Objective: the main aim of this study was to describe the motivations of overweight adolescents participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion project.Methods: this qualitative study was conducted from March to July 2021 using the Bardin content analysis technique. The tool used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, analyzed means by the software QSR NVivo 11 by grouping the speech into clusters. These, in turn, were evaluated in three categories: (1) motivation, (2) food, and (3) physical exercise.Results: the age of the participants was 13.8 ± 2.4 years old, with body mass index of 31.8 ± 8.5 kg/m². Regarding family income, 41.66% had a monthly payment of 3 to 6 minimum wages. Regarding parents' educational level, 70.83% of mothers had completed higher education, while 29.16% had completed high school. According to the respondent's answers, weight loss was the greatest motivation to participate in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program. In category 2, it was observed that adolescents associated the act of eating with feelings such as anxiety and nervousness. In category 3, the impact of the pandemic was found under the modalities of physical exercise practiced.Conclusion: the results describe the motivation of overweight adolescents to participate in a multidisciplinary program, in addition to elucidating participants' perception of their health and related habits, strategies for health promotion, and consequent improvement of the quality of life of these individuals.

Efeitos deletérios do Lockdown frente à COVID-19 sobre respostas à saúde de adolescentes com obesidade: um estudo longitudinal / Deleterious effects of COVID-2019 Lockdown on health responses in adolescents with obesity: longitudinal study

Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal e observacional que investigou as consequências do lockdown em decorrência do coronavírus em 2020, na aptidão física relacionada à saúde e respostas bioquímicas de 16 adolescentes do sexo masculino com sobrepeso ou obesidade (idade 12,6 ± 1,8 anos). A antropometria, composição corporal, testes de aptidão física e medidas de biomarcadores sanguíneos (glicemia em jejum, colesterol total [CT], colesterol de lipoproteína de baixa densidade [LDL-c], triglicerídeos [TG], aspartato aminotransferase [AST] e alanina aminotransferase [ALT]) foram avaliados antes e após 8 meses de lockdown. Os resultados mostraram um aumento do peso corporal, massa livre de gordura e circunferência da cintura e do quadril (p<0,05) após 8 meses. A força isométrica máxima de preensão manual e a flexibilidade aumentaram, enquanto a resistência muscular diminuiu (p<0,05). A glicemia em jejum, CT, LDL-c, TG, TG/glicose, AST, ALT, TG/HDL-c, CT/HDL-c e LDL/HDL aumentaram (p<0,05), ao passo que os níveis de HDL-c diminuíram significativamente (p<0,05). Portanto, 8 meses de isolamento social promoveram efeitos deletérios sobre parâmetros morfológicos e aptidão física em adolescentes. No entanto, o pequeno tamanho da amostra impede a generalização desses achados.

This longitudinal and observational study investigated the consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown on health-related physical fitness and biochemical responses in 16 overweight or obese male adolescents (aged 12.6±1.8 years). The anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness tests, and measures of blood biomarkers (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-c], triglycerides [TG], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) were evaluated before and after 8 months of lockdown. The results showed increased body weight, fat-free mass, and waist and hip circumference (p<0.05) after 8 months. Maximum isometric handgrip strength and flexibility increased, while muscle endurance decreased (p<0.05). Fasting blood glucose, TC, LDL-c, TG, TG/glucose, AST, ALT, TG/HDL-c, CT/HDL-c, and LDL/HDL increased (p<0.05), while the HDL-c levels decreased significantly (p<0.05). Therefore, eight months of social isolation promoted harmful effects on adolescents' morphological parameters and physical fitness. However, the small sample size prevents the generalization of these findings.

No effect of combined tele-exercises and nutritional coaching on anthropometric, body composition or exercise capacity outcomes in overweight and obese women: a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Background: we aimed to investigate the isolated effect of tele-exercises (TE) and their combined effect with nutritional coaching (NC) on health-related parameters of overweight and obese individuals. Methods: forty-one overweight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) and obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) women were randomly assigned to the experimental groups: TE (n = 20) or TE+NC (n = 21). TE was applied 3 days/week in both groups, while TE+NC also received NC 1 day/week. Anthropometric, body composition, and exercise capacity-related outcomes, quality of life, and eating behavior were assessed before and after 8 weeks of the intervention. Results: a significant main time effect (p < 0.01) was detected for flexibility, isometric muscle strength and dynamic muscle endurance, but no main group effect was noted (p > 0.05). On the other hand, neither a significant main time nor group effect (p > 0.05) was detected in the anthropometric and body composition measures, quality of life, or eating behavior. Similarly, no significant between-group difference was observed in the absolute or relative change analysis (all comparisons, p > 0.05). Conclusions: an 8-week TE program enhanced exercise capacity, but did not impact anthropometric or body composition-related outcomes. The combination of NC+TE did not have a clinical advantage in the management of overweight and obesity.

Introducción: Introducción: nuestro objetivo fue investigar el efecto aislado de los tele-ejercicios (TE) y su efecto combinado con el coaching nutricional (CN) sobre los parámetros relacionados con la salud de las personas con sobrepeso y obesidad. Métodos: cuarenta y una mujeres con sobrepeso (índice de masa corporal ≥ 25 kg/m2) y obesas (índice de masa corporal ≥ 30 kg/m2) fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a los grupos experimentales: TE (n = 20) o TE+CN (n = 21). La TE se aplicó 3 días/semana en ambos grupos, mientras que el grupo TE+CN también recibió NC 1 día/semana. Se evaluaron los resultados antropométricos, la composición corporal y la capacidad de ejercicio, la calidad de vida y la conducta alimentaria antes y después de 8 semanas de intervención. Resultados: se detectó un efecto de tiempo principal significativo (p < 0,01) para la flexibilidad, la fuerza muscular isométrica y la resistencia muscular dinámica, pero no se observó ningún efecto de grupo principal (p > 0,05). Por otro lado, no se detectó ningún efecto de tiempo principal ni de grupo significativo (p > 0,05) en las medidas antropométricas y de composición corporal, calidad de vida o conducta alimentaria. De manera similar, no se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en el análisis del cambio absoluto o relativo (todas las comparaciones, p > 0,05). Conclusiones: un programa de TE de 8 semanas mejoró la capacidad de ejercicio pero no afectó los resultados antropométricos o relacionados con la composición corporal. La combinación de CN + TE no obtuvo ninguna ventaja clínica en el manejo del sobrepeso y la obesidad.

Effects of a multi-professional approach on anthropometric variables and food profile of overweight or obese adolescents / Efeitos de uma abordagem multi-profissional sobre variáveis antropométricas e de perfil alimentar de adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade

INTRODUCTION: Investigating the of overweight or obese adolescents' nutritional quality is substantial to guide healthy eating strategiesOBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a multi-professional approach on anthropometric parameters, body composition, and the level of food processing in adolescentsMETHODS: Twelve overweight/obese male adolescents between 13-17 years old participated in a series of 12-week multi-professional interventions led by physical education, nutrition, and psychology professionals. The participants were assessed before the intervention as well as at 6 and 12 weeks. Anthropometric assessments were performed, including body weight, stature, and body mass index; body composition, with fat mass (FM), body fat (%BF), skeletal muscle mass, and resting metabolic rate (RMR), and by filling in a three-day food record, to assess the ingested foods by its level of processing: fresh, minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processedRESULTS: No differences were observed in anthropometric parameters performed at different stages (p>0.05). Reductions in FM and %BF and increases in SMM and RMR (p<0.05) were identified after, the 12-week intervention. There was an increase in the consumption of natural foods/g and increased the caloric consumption of processed foods/kcal after 12-week of intervention (p<0.05CONCLUSION: The model resulted in a decrease in fat mass and body fat percentage, an in skeletal muscle mass, resting metabolic rate, natural foods/g, and processed foods/kcal

INTRODUÇÃO: Investigar a qualidade nutricional de adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade é substancial para orientar estratégias de alimentação saudávelOBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos de uma abordagem multiprofissional sobre os parâmetros antropométricos, de composição corporal e o nível de processamento de alimentos em adolescentesMÉTODO: Doze adolescentes do sexo masculino com sobrepeso/obesidade, entre 13-17 anos participaram de uma série de intervenções multiprofissionais ao longo de 12 semanas, que foram conduzidas por profissionais de educação física, nutricionistas e psicólogos. Os participantes foram avaliados antes da intervenção, após 6 e após 12 semanas. As avaliações antropométricas foram realizadas, incluindo o peso corporal, a estatura e o índice de massa corporal; para a composição corporal foram incluídas: a massa gorda (MG), percentual de gordura corporal (%G), massa muscular esquelética (MME) e taxa metabólica basal (TMB), bem como o preenchimento do registro alimentar de três dias, para avaliar os alimentos ingeridos, via nível de processamento: in natura, minimamente processado, processado e ultraprocessadoRESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos parâmetros antropométricos realizados nas diferentes etapas (p>0,05). Reduções na MG e %G e aumentos na MME e TMB (p<0,05) foram identificados após 12 semanas de intervenção. Houve um aumento do consumo de alimentos in natura/g e aumento do consumo calórico de alimentos industrializados/kcal, após 12 semanas de intervenção (p<0,05CONCLUSÃO: O modelo proposto resultou em uma diminuição da massa gorda e percentual de gordura corporal, aumento da massa muscular esquelética, taxa metabólica basal, consumo de alimentos naturais/g e alimentos processados/kcal

Effects of the Order of Physical Exercises on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents Participating in an Interdisciplinary Program Focusing on the Treatment of Obesity.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the order of physical exercises on body composition, physical fitness, and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents participating in an interdisciplinary program focusing on the treatment of obesity. The final 12-week analyses involved 33 female adolescents who were split into two groups of concurrent training (CT): resistance plus aerobic training and aerobic plus resistance training, with equalization performed in all physical exercises. The only difference between the two groups was the order in which the exercises were performed. The results showed reductions in fat mass, body fat, and waist circumference, as well as increases in musculoskeletal mass and resting metabolic rate (p < 0.05) following the multiprofessional intervention period. However, no significant differences were observed in regard to body mass, body mass index, neck circumference, or arm circumference (p > 0.05). Maximal isometric strength and maximal oxygen consumption showed significant increases after the intervention period (p < 0.05). There were reductions in insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins (p < 0.05), and an interaction within the resistance plus aerobic training group showed lower values for triglycerides when compared to itself (p = 0.002). No difference was found in fasting glycemia for either group (p > 0.05). It is worth noting that the equalization training variables presented no differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Based on these results, both CT methods were found to be effective in promoting health parameters in overweight and obese female adolescents, and triglyceride values decreased more in the resistance plus aerobic group. Future studies with larger samples and feeding control should be conducted to confirm or refute our findings.

Proposal of a normative table for body fat percentages of Brazilian young adults through bioimpedanciometry.

Identification of the body fat (BF) percentage allows health professionals to detect healthy or risky patterns in a population. However, no studies have elaborated BF cutoff points using the bioelectrical impedance method in young Brazilian adults. Thus, the objective of the present study was to elaborate normative tables for BF in Brazilian men and women (sedentary and physically active) between 18 and 39 years of age. A total of 3,111 adults (958 men and 2,153 women) were evaluated using bioimpedance measurements with the InBody 520 device. The data were distributed normally and divided into percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, and P97). The following values were observed: for men: P3=8.9%-12.5%; P10=12.6%-17.5%; P25=17.6%-25.3%; P50=25.4%-35.1%; P75=35.2%-43.0%; P90=43.1%-49.4% and P97=49.5%; for women: P3=18.7%-23.1%; P10=23.2%-28.7%; P25=28.8%-35.7%; P50=35.8%-42.9%; P75=43.0%-49.1%; P90=49.2%-52.1% and P97≥52.2%. These percentiles can be used to classify the adiposity of sedentary and physically active individuals evaluated by bioimpedanciometry.